ExtUtils::Embed(3Perl Programmers Reference GuExtUtils::Embed(3p)


NAME
       ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++
       applications

SYNOPSIS
        perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit
        perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ccopts
        perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts

DESCRIPTION
       ExtUtils::Embed provides utility functions for embedding a
       Perl interpreter and extensions in your C/C++ applica-
       tions.  Typically, an application Makefile will invoke
       ExtUtils::Embed functions while building your application.

@EXPORT
       ExtUtils::Embed exports the following functions:

       xsinit(), ldopts(), ccopts(), perl_inc(), ccflags(),
       ccdlflags(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(), xsi_body()

FUNCTIONS
       xsinit()
           Generate C/C++ code for the XS initializer function.

           When invoked as `perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit --`
           the following options are recognized:

           -o <output filename> (Defaults to perlxsi.c)

           -o STDOUT will print to STDOUT.

           -std (Write code for extensions that are linked with
           the current Perl.)

           Any additional arguments are expected to be names of
           modules to generate code for.

           When invoked with parameters the following are
           accepted and optional:

           "xsinit($filename,$std,[@modules])"

           Where,

           $filename is equivalent to the -o option.

           $std is boolean, equivalent to the -std option.

           [@modules] is an array ref, same as additional argu-
           ments mentioned above.

       Examples
            perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit -- -o xsinit.c Socket



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           This will generate code with an xs_init function that
           glues the perl Socket::bootstrap function to the C
           boot_Socket function and writes it to a file named
           xsinit.c.

           Note that DynaLoader is a special case where it must
           call boot_DynaLoader directly.

            perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit

           This will generate code for linking with DynaLoader
           and each static extension found in $Con-
           fig{static_ext}.  The code is written to the default
           file name perlxsi.c.

            perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit -- -o xsinit.c -std DBI DBD::Oracle

           Here, code is written for all the currently linked
           extensions along with code for DBI and DBD::Oracle.

           If you have a working DynaLoader then there is rarely
           any need to statically link in any other extensions.

       ldopts()
           Output arguments for linking the Perl library and
           extensions to your application.

           When invoked as `perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts --`
           the following options are recognized:

           -std

           Output arguments for linking the Perl library and any
           extensions linked with the current Perl.

           -I <path1:path2>

           Search path for ModuleName.a archives.  Default path
           is @INC.  Library archives are expected to be found as
           /some/path/auto/ModuleName/ModuleName.a For example,
           when looking for Socket.a relative to a search path,
           we should find auto/Socket/Socket.a

           When looking for DBD::Oracle relative to a search
           path, we should find auto/DBD/Oracle/Oracle.a

           Keep in mind that you can always supply
           /my/own/path/ModuleName.a as an additional linker
           argument.

           --  <list of linker args>

           Additional linker arguments to be considered.




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           Any additional arguments found before the -- token are
           expected to be names of modules to generate code for.

           When invoked with parameters the following are
           accepted and optional:

           "ldopts($std,[@modules],[@link_args],$path)"

           Where:

           $std is boolean, equivalent to the -std option.

           [@modules] is equivalent to additional arguments found
           before the -- token.

           [@link_args] is equivalent to arguments found after
           the -- token.

           $path is equivalent to the -I option.

           In addition, when ldopts is called with parameters, it
           will return the argument string rather than print it
           to STDOUT.

       Examples
            perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts

           This will print arguments for linking with libperl.a,
           DynaLoader and extensions found in $Con-
           fig{static_ext}.  This includes libraries found in
           $Config{libs} and the first ModuleName.a library for
           each extension that is found by searching @INC or the
           path specified by the -I option.  In addition, when
           ModuleName.a is found, additional linker arguments are
           picked up from the extralibs.ld file in the same
           directory.

            perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- -std Socket

           This will do the same as the above example, along with
           printing additional arguments for linking with the
           Socket extension.

            perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- DynaLoader

           This will print arguments for linking with just the
           DynaLoader extension and libperl.a.

            perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- -std Msql -- -L/usr/msql/lib -lmsql

           Any arguments after the second '--' token are addi-
           tional linker arguments that will be examined for
           potential conflict.  If there is no conflict, the
           additional arguments will be part of the output.



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       perl_inc()
           For including perl header files this function simply
           prints:

            -I$Config{archlibexp}/CORE

           So, rather than having to say:

            perl -MConfig -e 'print "-I$Config{archlibexp}/CORE"'

           Just say:

            perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e perl_inc

       ccflags(), ccdlflags()
           These functions simply print $Config{ccflags} and
           $Config{ccdlflags}

       ccopts()
           This function combines perl_inc(), ccflags() and
           ccdlflags() into one.

       xsi_header()
           This function simply returns a string defining the
           same EXTERN_C macro as perlmain.c along with #includ-
           ing perl.h and EXTERN.h.

       xsi_protos(@modules)
           This function returns a string of boot_$ModuleName
           prototypes for each @modules.

       xsi_body(@modules)
           This function returns a string of calls to newXS()
           that glue the module bootstrap function to boot_Modu-
           leName for each @modules.

           xsinit() uses the xsi_* functions to generate most of
           its code.

EXAMPLES
       For examples on how to use ExtUtils::Embed for building
       C/C++ applications with embedded perl, see perlembed.

SEE ALSO
       perlembed

AUTHOR
       Doug MacEachern <dougmATosf.org>

       Based on ideas from Tim Bunce <Tim.BunceATig.uk> and
       minimod.pl by Andreas Koenig <kATanna.de> and Tim
       Bunce.





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