File::MimeInfo(3pm)            User Contributed Perl Documentation            File::MimeInfo(3pm)



NAME
       File::MimeInfo - Determine file type

SYNOPSIS
         use File::MimeInfo;
         my $mime_type = mimetype($file);

DESCRIPTION
       This module can be used to determine the mime type of a file. It tries to implement the
       freedesktop specification for a shared MIME database.

       For this module shared-mime-info-spec 0.13 was used.

       This package only uses the globs file. No real magic checking is used. The
       File::MimeInfo::Magic package is provided for magic typing.

       If you want to determine the mimetype of data in a memory buffer you should use
       File::MimeInfo::Magic in combination with IO::Scalar.

       This module loads the various data files when needed. If you want to hash data earlier see
       the "rehash" methods below.

EXPORT
       The method "mimetype" is exported by default.  The methods "inodetype", "globs",
       "extensions", "describe", "mimetype_canon" and "mimetype_isa" can be exported on demand.

METHODS
       "new()"
           Simple constructor to allow Object Oriented use of this module.  If you want to use
           this, include the package as "use File::MimeInfo ();" to avoid importing sub
           "mimetype()".

       "mimetype($file)"
           Returns a mimetype string for $file, returns undef on failure.

           This method bundles "inodetype" and "globs".

           If these methods are unsuccessful the file is read and the mimetype defaults to
           'text/plain' or to 'application/octet-stream' when the first ten chars of the file
           match ascii control chars (white spaces excluded).  If the file doesn't exist or isn't
           readable "undef" is returned.

       "inodetype($file)"
           Returns a mimetype in the 'inode' namespace or undef when the file is actually a
           normal file.

       "globs($file)"
           Returns a mimetype string for $file based on the filename and filename extensions.
           Returns undef on failure. The file doesn't need to exist.

           Behaviour in list context (wantarray) is unspecified and will change in future
           releases.

       "default($file)"
           This method decides whether a file is binary or plain text by looking at the first few
           bytes in the file. Used to decide between "text/plain" and "application/octet-stream"
           if all other methods have failed.

           The spec states that we should check for the ascii control chars and let higher bit
           chars pass to allow utf8. We try to be more intelligent using perl utf8 support.

       "extensions($mimetype)"
           In list context, returns the list of filename extensions that map to the given
           mimetype.  In scalar context, returns the first extension that is found in the
           database for this mimetype.

       "describe($mimetype, $lang)"
           Returns a description of this mimetype as supplied by the mime info database.  You can
           specify a language with the optional parameter $lang, this should be the two letter
           language code used in the xml files. Also you can set the global variable
           $File::MimeInfo::LANG to specify a language.

           This method returns undef when no xml file was found (i.e. the mimetype doesn't exist
           in the database). It returns an empty string when the xml file doesn't contain a
           description in the language you specified.

           Currently no real xml parsing is done, it trusts the xml files are nicely formatted.

       "mimetype_canon($mimetype)"
           Returns the canonical mimetype for a given mimetype.  Deprecated mimetypes are
           typically aliased to their canonical variants.  This method only checks aliases,
           doesn't check whether the mimetype exists.

           Use this method as a filter when you take a mimetype as input.

       "mimetype_isa($mimetype)"
       "mimetype_isa($mimetype, $mimetype)"
           When give only one argument this method returns a list with mimetypes that are parent
           classes for this mimetype.

           When given two arguments returns true if the second mimetype is a parent class of the
           first one.

           This method checks the subclasses table and applies a few rules for implicit
           subclasses.

       "rehash()"
           Rehash the data files. Glob information is preparsed when this method is called.

           If you want to by-pass the XDG basedir system you can specify your database
           directories by setting @File::MimeInfo::DIRS. But normally it is better to change the
           XDG basedir environment variables.

       "rehash_aliases()"
           Rehashes the mime/aliases files.

       "rehash_subclasses()"
           Rehashes the mime/subclasses files.

DIAGNOSTICS
       This module throws an exception when it can't find any data files, when it can't open a
       data file it found for reading or when a subroutine doesn't get enough arguments.  In the
       first case you either don't have the freedesktop mime info database installed, or your
       environment variables point to the wrong places, in the second case you have the database
       installed, but it is broken (the mime info database should logically be world readable).

TODO
       Make an option for using some caching mechanism to reduce init time.

       Make "describe()" use real xml parsing ?

LIMITATIONS
       Perl versions prior to 5.8.0 do not have the ':utf8' IO Layer, thus for the default method
       and for reading the xml files utf8 is not supported for these versions.

       Since it is not possible to distinguish between encoding types (utf8, latin1, latin2 etc.)
       in a straightforward manner only utf8 is supported (because the spec recommends this).

       This module does not yet check extended attributes for a mimetype.  Patches for this are
       very welcome.

AUTHOR
       Jaap Karssenberg <pardus AT cpan.org> Maintained by Michiel Beijen <michiel.beijen AT gmail.com>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 2003, 2012 Jaap G Karssenberg. All rights reserved.  This program is free
       software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

SEE ALSO
       File::BaseDir, File::MimeInfo::Magic, File::MimeInfo::Applications, File::MimeInfo::Rox

       related CPAN modules
           File::MMagic

       freedesktop specifications used
           <http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/shared-mime-info-spec>,
           <http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/basedir-spec>,
           <http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/desktop-entry-spec>

       freedesktop mime database
           <http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/shared-mime-info>



perl v5.18.2                                2014-05-11                        File::MimeInfo(3pm)