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DICT(1)                                                                                   DICT(1)



NAME
       dict - DICT Protocol Client

SYNOPSIS
       dict word
       dict [options] [word]
       dict [options] dict://host:port/d:word:database
       dict [options] dict://host:port/m:word:database:strategy

DESCRIPTION
       dict  is  a  client  for  the  Dictionary  Server Protocol (DICT), a TCP transaction based
       query/response protocol that provides access to dictionary definitions from a set of natu‐
       ral  language  dictionary databases.  Exit status is 0 if operation succeeded, or non-zero
       otherwise.
       See EXIT STATUS section.


OPTIONS
       -h server or --host server
              Specifies the hostname for the DICT server.  Server/port combinations can be speci‐
              fied  in  the configuration file.  If no servers are specified in the configuration
              file or or on the command line, dict will fail.  (This is  a  compile-time  option,
              ./configure  --enable-dictorg,  which  is disabled by default.)  If IP lookup for a
              server expands to a list of IP addresses (as dict.org does currently), then each IP
              will be tried in the order listed.

       -p service or --port service
              Specifies  the  port  (e.g.,  2628)  or  service (e.g., dict) for connections.  The
              default is 2628, as specified in the DICT Protocol RFC.   Server/port  combinations
              can be specified in the configuration file.

       -d dbname or --database dbname
              Specifies a specific database to search.  The default is to search all databases (a
              "*" from the DICT protocol).  Note that a "!" in the DICT protocol means to  search
              all of the databases until a match is found, and then stop searching.

       -m or --match
              Instead of printing a definition, perform a match using the specified strategy.

       -s strategy or --strategy strategy
              Specify  a  matching  strategy.   By  default, the server default match strategy is
              used.  This is usually "exact" for definitions, and some form  of  spelling-correc‐
              tion  strategy  for matches ("." from the DICT protocol).  The available strategies
              are dependent on the server implementation.  For a list  of  available  strategies,
              see the -S or --strats option.

       -C or --nocorrect
              Usually,  if  a definition is requested and the word cannot be found, spelling cor‐
              rection is requested from the server, and a list of possible  words  are  provided.
              This option disables the generation of this list.

       -c file or --config file
              Specify   the   configuration   file.    The   default  is  to  try  ~/.dictrc  and
              /etc/dictd/dict.conf, using the first file that exists.  If a  specific  configura‐
              tion file is specified, then the defaults will not be tried.

       -D or --dbs
              Query the server and display a list of available databases.

       -S or --strats
              Query the server and display a list of available search strategies.

       -H or --serverhelp
              Query the server and display the help information that it provides.

       -i dbname or --info dbname
              Request  information  on  the  specified  database (usually the server will provide
              origination, descriptive, or other information about the database or its contents).

       -I or --serverinfo
              Query the server and display information about the server.

       -M or --mime
              Send OPTION MIME command to the server.
              NOTE: Server's capabilities are not checked.


       -f or --formatted
              Enables formatted output, i.e. output convenient  for  postprocessing  by  standard
              UNIX utilities. No, it is not XML ;-) Also error and warning messages like
               " No matches...", " Invalid strategy..." etc. are sent to stderr, not to stdout.
              Format:
               -I, -i, -H and similar:
                  host<TAB>port
                  <SPC><SPC>line1
                  <SPC><SPC>line2
                  ...
               -S:
                  host<TAB>port<TAB>strategy1<TAB>short description1
                  host<TAB>port<TAB>strategy2<TAB>short description2
                  ...
               -D:
                  host<TAB>port<TAB>database1<TAB>database description1
                  host<TAB>port<TAB>database2<TAB>database description2
                  ...
               -m:
                  host<TAB>port<TAB>database1<TAB>match1
                  host<TAB>port<TAB>database2<TAB>match2
                  ...


       -a or --noauth
              Disable authentication (i.e., don't send an AUTH command).

       -u user or --user user
              Specifies the username for authentication.

       -k key or --key key
              Specifies the shared secret for authentication.

       -V or --version
              Display version information.

       -L or --license
              Display copyright and license information.

       --help Display help information.

       -v or --verbose
              Be verbose.

       -r or --raw
              Be very verbose: show the raw client/server interaction.

       --pipesize
              Specify the buffer size for pipelineing commands.  The default is 256, which should
              be sufficient for general tasks and be below the  MTU  for  most  transport  media.
              Larger  values  may  provide faster or slower throughput, depending on MTU.  If the
              buffer is too small, requests will be serialized.  Values less than 0  and  greater
              than one million are silently changed to something more reasonable.

       --client text
              Specifies additional text to be sent using the CLIENT command.

       --debug flag
              Set a debugging flag.  Valid flags are:

              verbose
                     The same as -v or --verbose.

              raw    The same as -r or --raw.

              scan   Debug the scanner for the configuration file.

              parse  Debug the parser for the configuration file.

              pipe   Debug TCP pipelining support (see the DICT RFC and RFC1854).

              serial Disable pipelining support.

              time   Perform transaction timing.

CONFIGURATION
       The  configuration  file  currently  has  a very simple format.  Lines are used to specify
       servers, for example:
              server dict.org
       or, with options:
              server dict.org { port 8080 }
              server dict.org { user username secret }
              server dict.org { port dict user username secret }
       the port and user options may be specified in any order.  The port option is used to spec‐
       ify  an optional port (e.g., 2628) or service (e.g., dict) for the TCP/IP connection.  The
       user option is used to specify a username and shared secret to be used for  authentication
       to this particular server.

       Servers  are  tried in the order listed until a connection is made.  If none of the speci‐
       fied servers are available, and the compile-time option (./configure --enable-dictorg)  is
       enabled, then an attempt will be made to connect on localhost and on dict.org at the stan‐
       dard part (2628).  (This option is disabled by default.)  We  expect  that  dict.org  will
       point  to  one  or  more DICT servers (perhaps in round-robin fashion) for the foreseeable
       future (starting in July 1997), although it is difficult to predict anything on the Inter‐
       net for more than about 3-6 months.

EXIT STATUS
        0  Successful completion

        20 No matches found
        21 Approximate matches found
        22 No databases available
        23 No strategies available

        30 Unexpected response code from server
        31 Server is temporarily unavailable
        32 Server is shutting down
        33 Syntax error, command not recognized
        34 Syntax error, illegal parameters
        35 Command not implemented
        36 Command parameter not implemented
        37 Access denied
        38 Authentication failed
        39 Invalid database
        40 Invalid strategy
        41 Connection to server failed


CREDITS
       dict was written by Rik Faith (faith AT cs.edu) and is distributed under the terms of the
       GNU General Public License.  If you need to distribute under other  terms,  write  to  the
       author.

       The  main libraries used by this programs (zlib, regex, libmaa) are distributed under dif‐
       ferent terms, so you may be able to use the libraries for applications which are incompat‐
       ible  with  the  GPL -- please see the copyright notices and license information that come
       with the libraries for more information, and consult with your attorney to  resolve  these
       issues.

BUGS
       If  a  dict:  URL  is given on the command line, only the first one is used.  The rest are
       ignored.

       If a dict: URL contains a specifier for the nth definition or match of a word, it will  be
       ignored  and  all the definitions or matches will be provided.  This violates the RFC, and
       will be corrected in a future release.

       If a dict: URL contains a shared secret, it will not be parsed correctly.

       When OPTION MIME command is sent to the server (-M option) , server's capabilities are not
       checked.

FILES
       ~/.dictrc
              User's dict configuration file

       /etc/dictd/dict.conf
              System dict configuration file

SEE ALSO
       dictd(8), dictzip(1), http://www.dict.org, RFC 2229



                                         15 February 1998                                 DICT(1)


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